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JLPTN4
決まる☆【きまるkimaru】決るirr.・極る Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be decided; to be settled
  • to look good in (clothes)

男otokoのno年toshiはha気持ちkimochiでde決まりkimari、女onnaのno年toshiはha容貌youbouでde決まるkimaru。 A man is as old as he feels, and a woman as old as she looks.

JLPTN4
壊れる☆【こわれるkowareru】毀れる Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be broken; to break
  • to fall through; to come to nothing

夜中yachuuにni台所daidokoroでde物monoがga壊れるkowareru音otoがgaしたshita。 I heard something crashing in the kitchen in the middle of the night.

JLPTN4
間に合う☆【まにあうmaniau】間にあう・まに合う Inflection

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be in time for
  • to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough

汽車kishaにni間に合うmaniauようにyouni急げisoge。 Hurry up in order to catch the train.

これkoreでde当分toubunはha間に合うmaniauでしょうdeshou。 This will do for the time being.

JLPTN4
遅れる☆【おくれるokureru】後れる Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind schedule; to be overdue ➜ 遅刻

「あれare？恵子keikoはha？」「今日kyouはha三者面談だdaからkara遅れるokureruってtte」 "Oh? Where's Keiko?" "She said that she has a teacher, parent and child meeting so she'll be late."

JLPTN4
込む☆【こむkomu】混む☆・籠むirr.・篭むirr. Inflection

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

auxiliary verb:

  • to go into; to put into; to remain (seated); to be plunged into (silence); to do thoroughly ［込む］
  • to do intently ［込む］
  • to continue in the same state ［込む］

湘南shounanのno海水浴場kaisuiyokujouはha日曜日nichiyoubiにはnihaとてもtotemo混むkomu。 The beaches in Shonan are very crowded on Sunday.

人hitoがga携帯keitaiいじっijiてるteruときtokiにni覗きnozoki込むkomu癖kuseやめyameたta方houがgaいいiiよyo。 You should stop peeking when people are using their cellphones.

JLPTN4
足りる☆【たりるtariru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be sufficient; to be enough
  • to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to deserve - in the form に足りる after a verb ➜ 取るに足りない
  • to do (the job); to serve; to answer

これだけkoredakeのno量ryouのno食料shokuryouでde一週間のnoキャンプKYANPUにni足りるtariruでしょうかdeshouka。 Will this much food do for a week's camping?

JLPTN4
聞こえる☆【きこえるkikoeru】聞える・聴こえるirr.・聴えるirr. Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be heard; to be audible
  • to be said to be; to be reputed

あらara、よくyoku聞こえるkikoeru。 Oh, I can hear you clearly.

JLPTN4
見える☆【みえるmieru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be seen; to be in sight
  • to look; to seem; to appear
  • to come - honorific language

聖霊seireiがgaあるaru方houのno上ueにni下ってkudatte、そのsono上ueにniとどまられるtodomarareruのnoがga見えたmietaならnara、そのsono方houこそkoso聖霊seireiによってniyotteバプテスマBAPUTESUMAをwo授けるsazukeru方houであるdearu。 The man on whom you see the Spirit come down and remain is he who will baptize with the Holy Spirit.

１１ページPEEJIのno地図chizuはhaとてもtotemo奇妙kimyouにni見えるmieru。逆さまsakasamaにniしてshiteみるmiruとto、見慣れたminareta地図chizuになるninaru。 The map on page 11 looks very strange. Turn it upside down. Then it becomes a familiar map to you.

JLPTN4
治る☆【なおるnaoru】直る☆ Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be cured; to get well; to be healed - esp. 治る
  • to get mended; to be repaired; to be fixed - esp. 直る

薬kusuriをwo飲みnomi始めるhajimeruとto、すぐにsuguni痛みitamiなどnadoのno症状shoujouはhaとれてtoreteきますkimasuがga、すぐにsuguni潰瘍kaiyouがgaなおるnaoruわけではありませんwakedehaarimasen。 When you start taking medicine it begins working on symptoms, like pain, right away, but that doesn't mean that the ulcer heals right away.

いったいittai、いつitsuになったらninattaraそのsonoケチKECHIはha直るnaoruのno？ When will you ever loosen your purse strings?

JLPTN4
役に立つ☆【やくにたつyakunitatsu】役にたつ・やくに立つ Inflection

expression / godan ~つ verb:

  • to be helpful; to be useful

私watashiのnoパソコンPASOKONはha何naniかkaのno役に立つyakunitatsuはずhazuだda。 My computer has got to be useful for something.

JLPTN4
喜ぶ☆【よろこぶyorokobu】悦ぶ・歓ぶ・慶ぶ・欣ぶ Inflection

godan ~ぶ verb:

  • to be delighted; to be glad; to be pleased
  • to congratulate
  • to gratefully accept ➜ 喜んで

彼kareがgaそれsoreをwo聞いkiiたらtara喜ぶyorokobuよyo。 He would be glad to hear that.

JLPTN4
驚く☆【おどろくodoroku】愕く・駭く Inflection

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be surprised; to be astonished

驚くodorokuことkotoでdeはhaないnaiねne。 It's not surprising.

JLPTN4
なくなるnakunaru☆《無くなる》 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing
  • to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted; to be consumed; to be reduced to zero; to not occur any more
  • to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)

やがてyagateこの世konoyoからkara戦争sensouがgaなくなるnakunaru日hiがgaくるkuruだろうdarou。 The day will soon come when there will be no more wars in the world.

JLPTN4
付く☆【つくtsuku】 Inflection

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be attached; to be connected with; to adhere; to stick; to cling
  • to remain imprinted; to scar; to stain; to dye
  • to bear (fruit, interest, etc.)
  • to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
  • to take root
  • to accompany; to attend; to follow; to study with
  • to side with; to belong to
  • to possess; to haunt ➜ 憑く
  • to be lit; to be lighted ➜ 点く
  • to be settled; to be resolved; to be decided
  • to be given (of a name, price, etc.)
  • to be sensed; to be perceived
  • to be lucky - from 運がつく

suffix / godan ~く verb:

  • to become (a state, condition, etc.) - after -masu stems, onomatopoeic and mimetic words ➜ 付く【づく】

ボイラBOIRAはha湯あかyuakaがgaびっしりbisshiriついたtsuita。 The boiler was heavily scaled.

それらsoreraのno牛ushiにはniha焼き印yakiinがgaついているtsuiteiru。 The cattle are marked with brands.

彼kareはha妻tsumaがga死んでshinde以来irai酒sakeをwo飲むnomu癖kuseがgaついたtsuita。 He has taken to drinking since the death of his wife.

風呂furoはhaついてますtsuitemasuかka。 Does it have a bathroom?

彼kareはhaそのsono討論touronでde反対派hantaihaにni付いたtsuita。 He sided with the opposition group in the argument.

テレビTEREBIがga付きませんtsukimasen。 The TV won't turn on.

JLPTN3
離れる★【はなれるhanareru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be separated; to be apart; to be distant
  • to leave; to go away
  • to leave (a job, etc.); to quit; to give up
  • to lose connection with; to drift away from

ここkokoをwo離れるhanareruところtokoroですdesu。 I am about to leave here.

それsoreはha出来ない相談dekinaisoudanだdaなna。油物aburabutsuしてるshiteru時tokiにni、火hiのno傍hataからkara離れるhanareruのnoはha言語道断gongodoudanだda。 I'm afraid I can't do that. Leaving the cooker while frying is completely out of the question.

JLPTN3
黙る★【だまるdamaru】 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be silent; to say nothing

黙るdamaruことkotoをwo知らないshiranai者monoはha話しhanashi上手jouzuではないdehanai。 He cannot speak well that cannot hold his tongue.

JLPTN3
通じる☆【つうじるtsuujiru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to communicate (with)
  • to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to get through to
  • to be understood; to be comprehended
  • to be honored; to be good
  • to be well versed in; to be well-informed
  • to communicate clandestinely; to keep in touch (e.g. with the enemy)
  • to form a liaison; to be intimate
  • to spread widely; to disseminate

彼kareにはnihaロシア語ROSHIAgoがga通じるtsuujiru。 He is learned in Russian.

落石rakusekiでde村muraへhe通じるtsuujiru唯一のyuiitsuno道michiがga通れtooreなくなったnakunatta。 Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village.

彼女kanojoはha電話denwaがga通じるtsuujiruとtoすぐsugu話しhanashi始めたhajimeta。 She started talking as soon as she got through.

JLPTN3
加わる☆【くわわるkuwawaru】 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be added to; to be appended
  • to join in (e.g. a group of friends); to participate
  • to increase (e.g. heat); to gain in (e.g. influence); to grow; to gather (speed)
  • to be applied (e.g. heat, pressure); to be exerted

彼女kanojoがga私達watashitachiにni加わるkuwawaruなんてnante、思ってもいなかったomottemoinakatta。 I never expected that she would join us.

彼女kanojoがga私たちwatashitachiにni加わるkuwawaruなんてnante思っていなかったomotteinakatta。 I never expected that she would join us.

JLPTN3
育つ☆【そだつsodatsu】 Inflection

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)

植物shokubutsuはha土壌dojouでde育つsodatsu。 Plants are nourished by earth.

JLPTN3
当たる☆【あたるataru】当る・中る・中たる Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be hit; to strike Antonym: 外す
  • to touch; to be in contact; to be affixed
  • to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to apply to
  • to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)
  • to be selected (in a lottery, etc.); to win
  • to be successful; to go well; to be a hit
  • to face; to confront
  • to lie (in the direction of)
  • to undertake; to be assigned
  • to be stricken (by food poisoning, heat, etc.); to be afflicted
  • to be called upon (by the teacher)
  • to treat (esp. harshly); to lash out at
  • to be unnecessary - as 〜するには当たらない, etc.
  • to be hitting well; to be on a hitting streak - usu. as 当たっている - Baseball term
  • (in fishing) to feel a bite
  • (of fruit, etc.) to be bruised; to spoil

godan ~る verb / transitive:

  • to feel (something) out; to probe into; to check (i.e. by comparison)
  • to shave
  • to be a relative of a person; to stand in a relationship - as 〜の〜に当たる

日本nipponのno桜sakuraはhaまさにmasaniイギリスIGIRISUのnoバラBARAにniあたるataru。 The cherry blossom is to Japan what the rose is to England.

夢yumeはha時としてtokitoshiteあたるataru。 Dreams sometimes come true.

私watashiはha顔kaoにni冷たいtsumetai風kazeがga当たるataruのnoをwo感じたkanjita。 I felt a cold wind on my face.

JLPTN3
つかまるtsukamaru☆《捕まる・掴まる・捉まる・摑まるold》 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be caught; to be arrested - usu. 捕まる
  • to hold on to; to grasp - usu. 掴まる
  • to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi)
  • to be detained by

彼女kanojoはhaつかまるtsukamaruとtoいけないikenaiのでnode逃げたnigeta。 She fled for fear of being caught.

JLPTN3
劣る☆【おとるotoru】 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be inferior to; to be less good at; to fall behind

優先度yuusendoとto緊急kinkyuu度doのno劣るotoru計画keikaku。 Being less urgent, this plan is lower in priority.

JLPTN3
基づく☆【もとづくmotozuku】基付く・基くirr. Inflection

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be grounded on; to be based on; to be due to; to originate from

遅延chien便binについてnitsuiteはha、オリジナルのORIJINARUno出発日shuppatsubiにni基づくmotozukuシーズナリティSHIIZUNARITEIをwo適用tekiyouするsuruためtame、マイルMAIRU差額sagakuのno払い戻しharaimodoshiはhaいたしませんitashimasen。 For delayed flights, seasonal adjustments are made on the basis of the original flight date and so refunds of air-mile difference will not be made.

JLPTN3
得る☆【うるuru】

suffix:

  • to be able to ...; can ... - after the -masu stem of a verb

expression:

JLPTN3
悩む☆【なやむnayamu】 Inflection

godan ~む verb:

  • to be worried; to be troubled

彼女kanojoのnoことkotoでdeそんなにsonnani真剣にshinkenni悩むnayamu必要hitsuyouはhaなかったnakattaのにnoni。 You need not have worried about her so seriously.

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