interjection:

• eh?; what?; oh?
• yes; that's correct ➜ はい

particle:

• strengthens a question, assertion, etc. - at sentence end - archaism ➜ かえ・ぞえ・わえ
• used when calling out to someone - after a noun, etc. - archaism

noun:

• taking something out; carrying out
• providing money oneself; paying with one's own money
• corbel - Architecture term
• strengthening under a seam (clothing)

noun:

• groundwork; preparation
• walking practice; strengthening one's legs
• leg hold (wrestling, judo, etc.)
• wooden beam that joins underfloor pillars

noun / ~する noun:

• running errands; going on errands
• (transaction of) business; going about one's business
• doing one's business (i.e. at the toilet); going to the washroom
• purveying; purveyor - esp. 用達 ➜ 御用達

noun:

• type; kind; sort; style
• type (of person); (ideal) type; one's type
• typewriter - abbreviation ➜ タイプライター

noun / ~する noun:

• typing

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to miss; to overlook; to fail to notice
• to let pass (a matter); to overlook (e.g. a wrongdoing); to turn a blind eye to
• to pass up (e.g. an opportunity)
• to let (a good ball) go by - Baseball term

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to become loose; to slacken (e.g. rope)
• to become less tense; to relax; to let one's guard down
• to slacken (e.g. coldness, supervision); to become lax
• to become softer (e.g. ground, facial expression); (of ice) to partially melt
• to decrease (e.g. speed)
• (of a market price) to go down slightly

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

• to meet (wishes, expectations, etc.); to satisfy; to comply with; to live up to ➜ 沿う
• to accompany; to go with; to stay by one's side
• to associate with (someone); to mix with
• to marry; to wed - esp. 添う
• to be added - esp. 添う

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to incline; to lean; to tip; to tilt; to slant; to bend; to list
• to devote oneself to; to concentrate on; to pour one's energy into
• to ruin; to squander; to empty
• to drink (alcohol)

noun:

• hard-liners; diehards; hawks

noun / adjectival noun:

• (young) man with traditionally masculine interests; tough boy; man's man

noun:

• hard news; reporter who covers political and economic affairs

noun / adjectival noun:

• strait-laced type (with respect to relationships)

noun:

• bullish traders

noun:

• conduct; behaviour
• movements; gesture; one's carriage
• performance (on stage, etc.); dance; acting
• dance (in kabuki); dance play - abbreviation ➜ 所作事

noun:

• colour; color; hue; tint; tinge; shade
• complexion; skin colour; skin color
• look (on one's face); expression
• appearance; air; feeling
• personality; character
• tone (of one's voice, etc.); tune; sound; ring
• love; lust; sensuality; love affair ➜ 色仕掛け
• lover; paramour
• beauty; sexiness; physical appeal
• kind; type; variety - also written 種

pronoun:

• this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) ➜ 何れ・其れ・彼【あれ】
• this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) - humble language
• now
• here - archaism
• I (me) - archaism
• certainly - archaism

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• not less than; ... and more; ... and upwards ➜ 余
• beyond ... (e.g. one's means); further (e.g. nothing further to say); more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that)
• above-mentioned; foregoing
• since ...; seeing that ...
• this is all; that is the end; the end

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to approach; to draw near; to come near; to be close to
• to gather (in one place); to come together; to meet
• to stop by (while on one's way to another place); to drop by; to make a short visit
• to grow old; to grow high (number, etc.) ➜ 年が寄る
• to grow (wrinkly) - in the form of しわが寄る
• to lean against; to recline on - also written as 倚る, 凭る
• to push one's opponent while holding their belt - Sumo term
• to decide on a price and come to a deal
• to be swayed by (a person); to yield to - archaism

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to pay (e.g. money, bill)
• to brush off; to wipe away; to clear away; to dust off; to cut off (e.g. branches)
• to drive away (e.g. one's competitors)
• to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of
• to pay (e.g. attention); to show (e.g. respect, concern)
• to make (e.g. effort, sacrifice); to expend; to exert
• to move out (of one's own place); to vacate
• to sweep (e.g. one's legs); to knock aside
• to make a sweeping stroke (in Japanese calligraphy)
• to reset (an abacus)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to tear; to rip; to break; to destroy
• to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach
• to defeat; to beat
• to break (e.g. silence); to disturb (e.g. peace); to shatter (e.g. dream); to disrupt; to spoil
• to violate (e.g. rule); to break (e.g. promise); to infringe
• to break (a record)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to pull; to draw; to pull tight
• to string (lines); to run (cable); to stretch
• to pull towards oneself (e.g. someone's sleeve)
• to drag; to haul; to tow
• to lead (e.g. one's followers)
• to take someone somewhere (e.g. a suspect to the police)
• to tempt into joining; to strongly invite to join
• to delay; to prolong
• to lengthen the pronunciation (of a word)
• to quote; to cite; to reference
• to pull the ball - Baseball term
• to wear; to put on

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to pass (time); to spend
• to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol)
• to take care of; to support - archaism

godan ~す verb / auxiliary verb:

• to overdo; to do too much
• to ... without acting on it

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to hand over; to transfer; to turn over; to assign; to convey; to bequeath
• to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way
• to yield; to concede; to give ground; to surrender
• to sell
• to postpone; to put off; to defer

noun:

• number (in a series)
• (one's) turn
• watch; guard; lookout
• bout; match - Sumo term

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to pin down; to hold down; to press down - also written as 圧さえる
• to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand); to clutch (a body part in pain); to press (a body part)
• to get a hold of; to obtain; to seize; to catch; to arrest
• to grasp (a point); to comprehend
• to quell; to subdue; to suppress; to repress; to hold back; to check; to curb; to contain ➜ 抑える【おさえる】

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to wring (towel, rag); to squeeze - esp. 絞る
• to squeeze (fruit to extract juice); to press; to extract; to milk; to express milk - esp. 搾る
• to rack (one's brains); to strain (one's voice)
• to extort; to exploit
• to chew out; to reprimand severely; to rake over the coals; to give a sound scolding; to tell someone off; to scold; to rebuke - often passive voice ➜ 油を絞る
• to drill into; to train
• to narrow down (one's focus); to whittle down
• to gather up (curtain, etc.); to tighten (drawstring)
• to stop down (lens)
• to turn down (e.g. radio)
• to bend (bow); to draw
• to hold down; to constrict; to immobilize - Sumo term

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to poke (repeatedly, lightly); to nudge
• to peck at (one's food); to pick at
• to peck at (someone's faults, etc.)
• to egg on; to put up to

noun:

• growth; development
• stretching (one's body, e.g. when waking up)
• (ability to) spread (of paint, cream, etc.)
• elongation; extension; carry (e.g. of sound); sustain