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JLPTN1
果たす☆【はたすhatasu】果す Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to fulfill; to fulfil; to realize; to execute; to perform; to do

godan ~す verb / auxiliary verb:

  • to do ... completely; to do ... entirely - after the -masu stem of a verb

君kimiはhaそのsono義務gimuをwo果たすhatasuべきbekiであるdearu。 You must perform your duty.

推す☆【おすosu】 Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to recommend; to endorse (e.g. a candidate); to nominate
  • to infer; to conclude; to conjecture; to surmise
  • to think something through; to ponder deeply

彼女のkanojonoイントネーションINTONEESHONからkara推すosuにni少女shoujo時代jidaiはhaスペイン語SUPEINgo圏kenにni住んでいたsundeitaとto思われるomowareru。 You can tell by her intonation that she lived in a Spanish speaking country when she was young.

擬く【もどくmodoku】牴牾く・抵牾く Inflection

godan ~く verb / transitive:

  • to censure; to criticize; to criticise; to rebuke; to defy; to disobey - archaism
  • to fashion after; to make in the form of; to imitate - archaism
JLPTN5
呼ぶ★【よぶyobu】喚ぶ・招ぶirr. Inflection

godan ~ぶ verb / transitive:

  • to call out (to); to call; to invoke
  • to summon (a doctor, etc.)
  • to invite
  • to designate; to name; to brand
  • to garner (support, etc.); to gather
  • to take as one's wife - archaism ➜ 娶る

あなたanataをwoケパKEPAとto呼ぶyobuことにしますkotonishimasu。 You will be called Cephas.

結婚式kekkonshikiでdeはhaあまりにamariniたくさんtakusanのnoごちそうgochisouがga出さdasaれreたtaのでnode、新郎shinrou新婦shinpuはhaもっとmotto多くookuのno人hitoをwo呼ぶyobuべきbekiだっdaたtaかkaなnaとto思いomoi始めhajimeたta。 Food and drink were served in such profusion at the wedding that the bride and groom began to wonder if they should not have invited more guests.

ひんぱんにhinpanni吐血toketsuするsuru場合baaiはha、救急車kyuukyuushaをwo呼ぶyobuかka、近くchikakuのno内科医naikaiにni往診oushinしてshiteもらうmorau。 If you frequently spit-up blood you should call an ambulance or have a nearby physician make a house call.

JLPTN2
跳ねる☆【はねるhaneru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to jump; to leap; to prance; to spring up; to bound; to hop
  • to break up; to close; to come to an end
  • to hit (e.g. to have a car hit something or someone) - instead of 撥ねる

犬inuがga跳ねるhaneruのnoをwoごらんgoran。 Look at the dog jump.

声をかける【こえをかけるkoewokakeru】声を掛ける Inflection

expression / ichidan verb:

  • to greet; to call out (to); to start talking (to)
  • to invite; to get in touch (with); to give a shout (to); to let (somebody) know (one is in the area or has time to meet, etc.)
  • to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
引き立てる【ひきたてるhikitateru】引立てる Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to set off to advantage; to bring into prominence; to enhance
  • to support; to favor; to favour; to promote; to patronize
  • to rouse (spirits)
  • to march (a prisoner) off; to haul somebody off
  • to slide (a door) shut
JLPTN4
踏む☆【ふむfumu】履む・践む Inflection

godan ~む verb / transitive:

  • to step on; to tread on; to trample on
  • to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to visit
  • to experience; to undergo
  • to follow (rules, principles, etc.); to go through (e.g. formalities); to complete
  • to estimate; to guess; to judge; to value; to appraise
  • to rhyme ➜ 韻を踏む
  • to succeed to (e.g. the throne)

クラッチペダルKURATCHIPEDARUをwo数回踏むfumuとto、なんとかnantokaクラッチKURATCHIがga切れたkiretaのでnode、騙し騙しdamashidamashi運転untenしましたshimashita。 Repeatedly slamming the clutch pedal, I somehow managed to get the clutch disengaged so I could just about drive for the time being.

JLPTN5
わかるwakaru☆《分かる・解る・判る・分る》 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow
  • to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized; to be realised; to be found out

「博hiroshi、君のkimino気持ちkimochiはha分かるwakaruよyo」とtoマイクMAIKUがga言いますiimasu。 "I understand how you feel, Hiroshi," says Mike.

JLPTN3
求める☆【もとめるmotomeru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to want; to wish for
  • to request; to demand
  • to seek; to search for; to pursue (pleasure); to hunt (a job)
  • to purchase; to buy - polite language ➜ 買う

学校gakkouにni全てsubeteをwo求めるmotomeruことkotoはhaできdekiないnai。 One can't expect everything from schools.

リスクマネーRISUKUMANEEとはtoha、ハイリスクHAIRISUKUながらnagaraハイリターンHAIRITAANをwo求めるmotomeru投資toushiにni投入tounyuuされるsareru資金shikinのnoことkotoをwoいうiu。 "Risk money" refers to funds placed in investments that seek high-return, although high-risk, investments.

気がつく☆【きがつくkigatsuku】気が付く☆ Inflection

expression / godan ~く verb:

  • to notice; to become aware; to perceive; to realize; to realise
  • to be scrupulous; to be attentive
  • to recover consciousness; to come to oneself

見るmiru人hitoがgaすぐにsuguniそれsoreだdaとto気がつくkigatsukuようにyouni、私watashiはhaオレンジORENJI色shokuのnoスカーフSUKAAFUとto白いshiroiスモックSUMOKKUをwo非常にhijouni明るくakaruku描きましたegakimashita。 I made my orange scarf and white smock very bright, so people would notice them right away.

求む【もとむmotomu】

lower nidan verb (archaic) / transitive:

  • to want; to wish for - often now as ...(を)求む ➜ 求める
  • to request; to demand - archaism ➜ 求める
  • to seek; to search for; to pursue (pleasure); to hunt (a job) - archaism ➜ 求める
  • to purchase; to buy - polite language - archaism ➜ 求める

求人広告kyuujinkoukokuにはniha「女性joseiをwo求むmotomu」とtoはっきりhakkiri書かれていたkakareteita。 The job advertisement specifically requested females.

イエスIESU振fu反りsoriてte、そのsono從ひhi來たるtaruをwo見miてte言genひhi給kyuuふfu「何naniをwo求むmotomuるruかka」。 Turning around, Jesus saw them following and asked, "What do you want?"

歪める【ゆがめるyugameru・いがめるigameruobs.】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to bend; to curve; to warp; to distort; to disfigure
  • to bend (the truth); to falsify; to twist
  • to corrupt; to sully

真のshinno科学者kagakushaならnara、事実jijitsuをwoゆがめるyugameruようなyounaことkotoはhaしないshinaiだろうdarou。 A true scientist would not distort facts.

JLPTN2
凹む☆【へこむhekomu】 Inflection

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be dented; to be indented; to yield to; to give; to sink; to collapse; to cave in
  • to be overwhelmed; to feel down; to be forced to yield; to be daunted; to be snubbed

トムTOMUはha彼女kanojoにniフラれてFURAreteへこんでいるhekondeiru。 Tom is depressed because his girlfriend left him.

JLPTN3
分ける★【わけるwakeru】別ける Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to divide (into); to split (into); to part; to separate; to divide up; to classify; to sort out; to divide out
  • to share; to distribute; to deal out; to dish out
  • to distinguish; to discriminate; to differentiate (between)
  • to break up (a fight); to mediate
  • to call a draw; to tie
  • to push one's way through (a crowd)
  • to sell - also written as 頒ける

霧kiriがga深かったfukakattaのでnode、歩いているaruiteiru人たちhitotachiのno姿sugataをwo似ni分けるwakeruのnoはha困難konnanだったdatta。 It was foggy, so it was hard to make out the figures of people walking.

彼らkareraはha、寒いsamui季節kisetsuのno到来touraiをwo感じkanji分けるwakeruことが出来るkotogadekiru。 They can sense the approach of cold weather.

赤道sekidouはha地球chikyuuをwo二つfutatsuのno半球hankyuuにni分けるwakeru。 The equator divides the globe into two hemispheres.

穿つ【うがつugatsu】 Inflection

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

  • to drill; to bore; to pierce; to pass through

godan ~つ verb / transitive / intransitive verb:

  • to hit the mark; to get to the heart of (the matter); to be true to (nature)

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

  • to put on; to wear - archaism

点滴tentekiがga石ishiをwoうがつugatsu。 Constant dripping wears away a stone.

JLPTN4
折れる☆【おれるoreru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to break; to be broken; to snap; to fracture
  • to be folded
  • to give in; to back down; to yield; to submit
  • to turn (a corner) ➜ 曲がる

本当にhontouni骨honeのno折れるoreru仕事shigotoだったdatta。 It was real hard work.

折れるoreruよりyori曲がれmagare。 Better bend than break.

捕らわれる☆【とらわれるtorawareru】捕われる☆・囚われる・捉われる Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be arrested; to be apprehended
  • to be seized with (fear, etc.); to be a slave to; to stick to; to adhere to; to be swayed by - usually written using kana alone

年をとるtoshiwotoruほどhodo、ますますmasumasu固定kotei観念kannenにniとらわれるtorawareruものmonoですdesu。 The older you grow, the more you tend to adhere to fixed ideas.

JLPTN5
張る☆【はるharu】貼る☆ Inflection

godan ~る verb / transitive:

  • to stick; to paste; to affix - esp. 貼る

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb / transitive:

  • to stretch; to spread; to strain; to tighten; to put up (tent)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to form (e.g. ice on a pond)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb / transitive:

  • to fill; to swell

godan ~る verb / transitive:

  • to stick out; to put; to slap

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be expensive

godan ~る verb / transitive:

  • to keep a watch on; to be on the lookout

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to become one tile away from completion ［張る］ - Mahjong term ➜ テンパる・聴牌

godan ~る verb / transitive:

  • to span; to generate - Mathematics term

あなたanataのno願書ganshoにni最近のsaikinno写真shashinをwo貼りhariなさいnasai。 Attach a recent photograph to your application form.

クモKUMOがgaクモの巣kumonosuをwo張るharuところtokoroをwo見たmitaことがありますkotogaarimasuかka。 Have you ever seen a spider spinning its web?

湖mizuumiにはniha薄いusui氷kooriがga張っていたhatteita。 There was thin ice on the lake.

JLPTN2
注す☆【さすsasu】点す Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

はねるhaneru☆《撥ねる・刎ねる》 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to hit (e.g. to have a car hit someone); to run into
  • to reject; to deny; to refuse
  • to eliminate; to exclude; to leave out
  • to flip; to splash; to splatter
  • to decapitate; to behead - esp. 刎ねる
  • to jump up
  • to point or curl up (e.g. ends of hair)

彼kareはha停止信号teishishingouをwo見なかったminakattaのでnode、もう少しでmousukoshide道路douroをwo渡ろうwatarouとしていたtoshiteita子供kodomoをwoはねるhaneruところtokoroだったdatta。 He didn't see the stop sign and almost hit the child crossing the street.

揺れ動く【ゆれうごくyureugoku】ゆれ動く Inflection

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

  • to shake; to tremble; to sway; to flicker
  • to be unsettled; to be unstable; to fluctuate; to waver (e.g. between options); to vacillate; to seesaw

爆弾bakudanがga落ちたochitaときtoki、私watashiはha家ieがga前後zengoにni揺れ動くyureugokuのnoをwo感じたkanjita。 When the bomb was dropped, I felt the house rock back and forth.

JLPTN3
含む☆【ふくむfukumu・くくむkukumu】銜む Inflection

godan ~む verb / transitive:

  • to contain; to comprise; to have; to hold; to include; to embrace
  • to hold in the mouth ➜ 口に含む
  • to bear in mind; to understand; to harbor (grudge, etc.); to harbour
  • to express (emotion, etc.); to imply

霊長類reichouruiはha尾oのno無いnaiサルSARUだけでなくdakedenaku人間ningenもmo含むfukumu。 The primates include not only the apes, but also man.

全角文字zenkakumojiをwo含むfukumuファイル名FUAIRUmeiのno場合baai、一部ichibuのnoＯＳでdeはha文字化けmojibakeがga生じるshoujiruことがありますkotogaarimasuのでnode、ダウンロードDAUNROODOのno際saiにni適宜tekigiファイル名FUAIRUmeiをwo変更henkouしてshiteくださいkudasai。 On some OS's you get gibberish for filenames with full-width characters so when downloading please change to a suitable filename.

JLPTN5
来る☆【くるkuru】來るold Inflection

~くる verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

  • to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive

~くる verb (spec.) / intransitive verb / auxiliary verb:

  • to come back; to do ... and come back ➜ 行って来る
  • to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue

~くる verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

  • to come from; to be caused by; to derive from
  • to come to (i.e. "when it comes to spinach ...") ➜ と来たら

１０時jiまでmadeにni来ますkimasu。 I'll come by 10.

私のwatashino父chichiはha私watashiにni、ぜひzehiそこsokoをwo見てmiteくるkuruようにyouniとtoいったitta。 My father insisted that I should go to see the place.

驚いたことにodoroitakotoni息子musukoはha最近saikinすくすくsukusuku背seがgaのびてnobiteきたkita。 To our surprise, our son has suddenly shot up recently.

JLPTN2
威張る☆【いばるibaru・えばるebaru】意張るirr.【いばるibaru】 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to put on airs; to act big; to throw one's weight about; to be overbearing; to be domineering; to be bossy; to be pushy; to be proud; to be haughty; to be arrogant; to swagger; to boast; to brag

あの人anohitoはhaあまりamari威張るibaruからkara好きsukiになれないninarenai。 That man is too boastful for my liking.

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