Results, one-sided

to entrust (e.g. a task) to another; to leave to
to passively leave to someone else's facilities ➜ 想像に任せる
to leave to take its natural course ➜ 成り行きに任せる
to continue (something) in a natural fashion (without particular aim)
to rely fully on one's (full strength, great ability, long time taken) to get something done ➜ 力任せ

よかれあしかれyokareashikare、このkono 問題mondai はha 彼kare にni委せるmakaseruほかhoka はha ないnai。 For better or worse, we can't do anything but leave this matter up to him.

娘musume がga 卒業sotsugyou したshita 後nochi はha 自分jibun のno 好きsuki にni任せるmakaseruことkoto にni きめたkimeta。 We have decided to leave our daughter to herself after she left school.

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JLPTN2

裂く^☆【さくsaku】割く^☆ Inflection

godan ~く verb / transitive:

to tear; to rip up ［裂く］
to cut up; to cleave; to cut open (esp. the abdomen)
to forcibly separate (e.g. two lovers) ［裂く］
to spare (time, money, etc.); to use part of something ［割く］
to have a tattoo in the corner of one's eye - archaism ➜ 黥く

私watashi はha とてもtotemo 忙しいisogashiiのnoでdeさくsakuべきbeki 時間jikan がga ないnai。 I am so busy that I have no time to spare.

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JLPTN1

打ち込む^☆【うちこむuchikomu】打ちこむ・打込む・うち込む Inflection

godan ~む verb / transitive:

to drive in (e.g. nail, stake); to hammer in
to hit (a ball, etc.); to drive; to smash
to fire into (e.g. a crowd); to launch (e.g. missiles); to lob (e.g. grenades) ➜ 撃ち込む
to input (data); to enter
to devote oneself to; to go heart and soul into; to throw oneself into; to go head over heels for
to practice hitting (baseball, tennis, etc.) - Sports term
to hit (an opponent in kendo, boxing, etc.); to get a blow in - Martial Arts term
to invade one's opponent's territory (in the game of go); to place a stone in an opponent's formation
to pour (concrete, etc.) into a form

ノートパソコンNOOTOPASOKON のno 電源を入れdengenwoire、ブラウザBURAUZAをwo 立ち上げてtachiagete、もうmou 覚えてoboete しまったshimatta アドレスADORESU をwo打ち込むuchikomu。 I switch on my laptop, start up the browser, and type in the address I've already learnt by heart.

基礎kiso にni 杭kui をwo打ち込むuchikomuのno をwo 忘れてwasurete、空中kuuchuu にni 楼閣roukaku をwo 建てるtateru とはtoha、あなたanata もmo 愚かなorokana 人hito だda。 It is foolish of you to build a castle in the air while forgetting to drive in pilings for its foundation.

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ぼろぼろboroboro^☆・ボロボロBOROBORO Inflection

~の noun / adjectival noun:

worn-out; ragged; tattered; battered; scruffy - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb / adjectival noun / ~する noun:

crumbling; dry and crumbly - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

falling (in drops or clumps); scattering - onomatopoeia

adjectival noun:

(physically or mentally) worn-out; exhausted - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

(coming to light) one after another - onomatopoeia

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たしなみtashinami《嗜み》

noun:

taste (in goods, etc.)
manners; etiquette
modesty; restraint; prudence
knowledge, experience (of the arts, etc.); accomplishments
taking care of one's personal appearance

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JLPTN2

転がる^☆【ころがるkorogaru】 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

to roll; to tumble
to fall over; to roll over
to lie down
to be scattered about; to be lying around
(of a situation or outcome) to change; to turn out
to come easily; to be common; to fall into one's hands; to grow on trees

「転がるkorogaru石ishi はha 苔koke をwo もmo つけtsuke ずzu」はha ことわざkotowaza でde あるaru。 "A rolling stone gathers no moss" is a proverb.

転がるkorogaru石ishi にはniha 苔koke がga 生えぬhaenu。 A rolling stone gathers no moss.

転がるkorogaru石ishi にはniha 苔koke がga つかないtsukanai。 A rolling stone gathers no moss.

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ほっかりhokkari

adverb / ~と adverb:

pleasantly (warm) - onomatopoeia
faintly; lightly - onomatopoeia
suddenly; unexpectedly - onomatopoeia
accidentally; carelessly - onomatopoeia
gaping wide; opening one's mouth wide - onomatopoeia

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JLPTN4

迎える^☆【むかえるmukaeru】邀える Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

to go out to meet
to receive; to welcome; to greet; to salute; to hail; to reach; to approach; to enter (a phase, era, etc.)
to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family)
to call for; to summon; to invite
to approach (a certain time, a point in one's life, etc.)

お客さまokyakusama をwo迎えるmukaeru前mae にはniha、トイレTOIRE のno 鍵がかかるkagigakakaru かどうかkadouka もmo しっかりshikkari チェックCHEKKU してshite。 Before meeting your guests, be sure to carefully check that the toilet door locks.

彼女kanojo はha 友人yuujin をwo迎えるmukaeru為にtameni 玄関genkan へhe 行ったitta。 She went to the door to welcome her friends.

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JLPTN3

地^★【ちchi】

noun / suffix noun:

earth; ground; land; soil
place
territory
bottom (of a package, book, etc.) ➜ 天地無用
earth (one of the five elements) ➜ 五大・土【ど】

雨ame 降ってfutte地chi固まるkatamaru。 Adversity strengthens the foundations.

どっちdotchi がga 最終的なsaishuutekina 安息ansoku のno地chiとなるtonaru んn だろうdarou。 Which one will be our final resting place?

これらのkorerano 国々kuniguni はha ヨーロッパYOOROPPA 文明bunmei 発祥hasshou のno地chiであるdearu。 European civilization had its birth in these lands.

彼女のkanojono ドレスDORESU はha 青いaoi地chiにni 白shiro のno 水玉模様mizutamamoyou がga あるaru。 Her dress is blue with white polka dots.

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JLPTN1

代【しろshiro】

noun:

substitution
material
price
margin (e.g. for stapling, etc.); area required for something
shiro (unit of land area equal to one-fiftieth of a tan; ~19.83 m.sq.) - archaism ➜ 反【たん】

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風^☆【ふうfuu】 Inflection

adjectival noun / noun / suffix noun:

method; manner; way; style
appearance; air
tendency
folk song (genre of the Shi Jing) ➜ 六義
wind (one of the five elements) ➜ 五大

それsore をwo どんなdonna風にkazeni実行jikkou したらshitara いいii かka はha 問題mondai だda。 The question is how to carry it out.

あなたanata のno サロンSARON風fuuのno スカートSUKAATO がga 好きsuki ですdesu。 I like your sarong style skirt.

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和尚^☆【おしょうoshou・かしょうkashou・わじょうwajou】和上【かしょうkashou・わじょうwajou】

noun:

preceptor or high priest (esp. in Zen or Pure Land Buddhism) ［おしょう］ - honorific language
preceptor or high priest (in Tendai or Kegon Buddhism) ［かしょう］ - honorific language
preceptor or high priest (in Shingon, Hosso, Ritsu or Shin Buddhism) ［わじょう］ - usu. 和上 - honorific language
second highest priestly rank in Buddhism ➜ 法眼
monk (esp. the head monk of a temple) ［おしょう・かしょう］
master (of one's art, trade, etc.)

衣koromo ばかりbakari でde和尚oshouはha できぬdekinu。 The dress does not make the fair.

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御上【おかみokami】お上

noun:

the Emperor; His Majesty - honorific language
the government; the authorities - honorific language
proprietress; hostess; landlady; mistress - also written 女将 ➜ 女将
your wife; his wife - also written 御内儀 or 内儀 - honorific language - archaism
(one's) master; lord - honorific language - archaism

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JLPTN3

影^★【かげkage】景

noun:

shadow; silhouette; figure; shape
reflection; image
ominous sign
light (stars, moon)
trace; shadow (of one's former self)

そのsono 少女shoujo はha 自分jibun のno影kageにni おびえていたobieteita。 The girl was afraid of her own shadow.

水たまりmizutamari にni 映ったutsutta影kageがga 見えたmieta。 Reflections could be seen in the puddles.

月tsuki がga 湖mizuumi にni影kageをwo 落としていたotoshiteita。 The moonlight reflected on the lake.

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JLPTN1

飲み込む^☆【のみこむnomikomu】呑み込む^☆・飲みこむ・呑みこむ・のみ込む・飲込む・呑込む Inflection

godan ~む verb / transitive:

to gulp down; to swallow deeply
to understand; to take in; to catch on to; to learn; to digest
to engulf; to swallow up
to be filled with (people); to be crowded
to hold back from saying something; to swallow (one's words)

歯を食い縛るhawokuishibaru、喉元nodomoto までmade せりあがったseriagatta 感情kanjou をwo 強引にgouinni飲み込むnomikomu。 He grits his teeth and forces back his growing fear.

このkono ミシンMISHIN のno こつkotsu をwoのみ込むnomikomuのにnoni、どのくらいdonokurai 時間がかかるjikangakakaru のno かka。 How long does it take to get the hang of this sewing machine?

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JLPTN4

線^★【せんsen】

noun / suffix noun:

line; stripe; stria
line (e.g. telephone line); wire
ray (e.g. X-ray); beam ➜ Ｘ線
line (e.g. of a railroad); track; route; lane
outline; contours; form
level
division
line (of action); position; approach; policy; principle ➜ いい線
impression one leaves; air one gives off ➜ 線が太い・線が細い

運転者untensha はha 一時停止ichijiteishi線senのno ところtokoro でde 停止teishi しなければならないshinakerebanaranai。 Drivers must stop at the stop line.

このkono線senのno 終点shuuten はha どこdoko ですかdesuka。 Where is the end of this line?

必要hitsuyou のno ないnai 語katari はha どれでもdoredemo線senをwo 引いてhiite 消さkesa ねばならないnebanaranai。 You should cross out any word you don't need.

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下す^☆【くだすkudasu】降す Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

to make a decision; to draw a conclusion
to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to pass a sentence; to give an order
to let go down; to lower
to do oneself; to do by oneself ➜ 手を下す
to beat; to defeat
to have loose bowels; to have diarrhea
to pass (in stool); to discharge from the body

auxiliary verb / godan ~す verb:

to do in one go; to do to the end without stopping

問題mondai はha 誰dare がga 決定kettei をwo下すkudasuかkaとtoいうiu ことkoto だda。 The question is who will make the decision.

これらのkorerano 議論giron でde 問題mondai になっているninatteiru 評決hyouketsu はha、１９９４年nen のnoランダーRANDAA裁判saiban でde下されたkudasaretaものであるmonodearu。 The verdict at issue in these discussions is the one brought in the Lander's trial in 1994.

次にni あげるageru「ブラック・ユーモアburakkuyuumoa」のno 例rei をwo 見れmire ばba、自分jibun でde 判断handan をwo下すkudasuことkoto がga できるdekiru だろdaro うu。 The following example of sick humor will enable you to judge for yourself.

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付け^☆【つけtsuke】附け

noun:

bill; bill of sale; payment invoice
tab (for later payment); credit
contact move (in go); direct attack to an enemy stone - usually written using kana alone
sound effect produced by striking with clappers a wooden board in kabuki - usually written using kana alone
letter - archaism
reason; motive; pretext - archaism
one's fortune; one's luck - archaism

つけtsukeでde お願いしますonegaishimasu。 Put this on my tab, please.

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ちんちんchinchin^☆・チンチンCHINCHIN Inflection

noun:

penis - children's language ➜ おちんちん・ちんぼ

adverb / ~と adverb:

chink; jingle; tinkle; whistle (kettle) - onomatopoeia

noun / ~する noun:

begging (animal)

noun:

jealousy
black porgy juvenile ➜ クロダイ
flirting; fondling ➜ ちんちんかもかも
children's game in which one hops on one foot ➜ ちんちんもがもが

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JLPTN3

切れる^☆【きれるkireru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

to break; to snap; to be cut; to split; to crack
to be injured
to wear out; to be worn out
to break; to burst; to collapse
to wear off; to stop working; to go dead
to expire (time limit, etc.); to run out; to become due
to run out (of stock, etc.); to be exhausted; to be used up; to be sold out; to be out of
to be broken off (e.g. of a relationship); to break up; to have severed ties; to be cut off; to be disconnected
to cut well; to be sharp
to be sharp-minded; to be keen; to be shrewd; to be quick-witted; to be able
to be short of; to drop under (a certain figure); to beat (e.g. a record time)
to dry off
to curve; to veer
to shuffle (cards)
to get angry; to snap; to blow one's top; to lose one's temper; to flip - colloquialism ➜ キレる

auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

to be able to do completely - after the -masu stem of a verb - usually written using kana alone

二人のno 子供kodomo はha 綱tsuna がga切れるkireruまでmade 引っ張りhippari あったatta。 The two children pulled at the rope until it broke.

１００メートルMEETORU、１０秒byou切れるkireru？ Will they break the ten-second mark in the hundred-metre race?

彼kare はha 頭atama がga切れるkireruでもなくdemonaku 機知kichi にni 富むtomu わけwake でもないdemonai。 He is not witty or bright.

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JLPTN3

つまりtsumari^☆《詰まり・詰り》

adverb:

that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically

noun:

clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
shrinkage
end; conclusion ➜ とどのつまり
dead end; corner - archaism
distress; being at the end of one's rope - archaism

超chou 高圧水kouatsusui のno 噴射funsha によりniyori、ほとんどhotondo のno詰まりtsumariがga 排除haijo されるsareru。 By means of a super high-pressure water spray practically all the sediment is removed.

光源kougen、つまりtsumari光kou のno 向きmuki だda なna、それsore とto 陰影in'ei とかtoka にもnimo 気をつけてkiwotsukete、できるdekiruだけdake 正確にseikakuni 手元temoto にni あるaru クロッキー帳KUROKKIIchou にni 書き取ってkakitotte いくiku だけdake。 Light source, that is what direction the light is facing, also take care with shadowing. Just copy down into the sketch book you have at hand as accurately as possible.

「ええとeeto、そのsono 合コンgoukon というtoiu のno はhaつまりtsumari・・・」「普通のfutsuuno コンパKONPA だda よyo」 "Er, that 'mixer party' thing is then ..." "Just a normal get together."

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JLPTN4

上がる^☆【あがるagaru】揚がる^☆・挙がる^☆・上る^irr. Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised Antonym: 下がる
to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to go in
to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade
to get out (of water); to come ashore
to increase - also written as 騰る in ref. to price
to improve; to make progress
to be promoted; to advance
to be made (of profit, etc.)
to occur (esp. of a favourable result)
to be adequate (to cover expenses, etc.) - often as 〜で上がる
to be finished; to be done; to be over
(of rain) to stop; to lift
to stop (working properly); to cut out; to give out; to die
to win (in a card game, etc.)
to be arrested ［挙がる］
to turn up (of evidence, etc.) ［挙がる］
to be deep fried ［揚がる］
to be spoken loudly
to get stage fright
to be offered (to the gods, etc.)
to go; to visit - humble language
to eat; to drink - honorific language
to be listed (as a candidate) - esp. 挙がる
to serve (in one's master's home)
to go north - in Kyoto

suffix / godan ~る verb:

to be complete; to finish - after the -masu stem of a verb ➜ 出来上がる

３月sangatsu１日からkara 鉄道tetsudou 運賃unchin がga１割あがるagaruとto 発表happyou されたsareta。 It has been announced that railway fares will be raised by 10 percent starting on the first of March.

「雨ame がga すぐsuguあがるagaruでしょうかdeshouka」「あがらないagaranai とto 思うomou よyo」 "Will it stop raining soon?" "I'm afraid not."

やがてyagate 雨ame はha上がるagaruをwo 思うomou。 I hope it will clear up soon.

私watashi はha 演説enzetsu をwo するsuru とto 決まってkimatteあがるagaru。 I never make a speech without being nervous.

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© Based on JMdict, KANJIDIC2, and JMnedict, property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. Example sentences from the Tatoeba project (CC BY 2.0). Kanji stroke order data from the KanjiVG project by Ulrich Apel (CC BY-SA 3.0). See comprehensive list of data sources for more info.

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